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141.
四川汶川8.0级地震典型遗址遗迹综合评估 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
简要介绍了四川汶川8.0级地震现场考察的有关情况,然后重点对地震典型遗址、遗迹的综合评估原则进行了详细研究,并在此基础上设计出综合评估量表.最后,对北川、映秀等典型地震遗址、遗迹进行了综合评估,并提出了保护建议. 相似文献
142.
Almeida CA Quintar S González P Mallea MA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,133(1-3):459-465
A study of the water quality of the Potrero de los Funes River (San Luis – Argentina) was carried out in order to evaluate
the possible effect of the anthropogenic activities on the river developed in the homonymous town. Samples were collected
during the period March 2000–November 2005 at three selected sampling sites (RP1, RP2 and RP3). Different physicochemical and bacteriological parameters (turbidity, pH, conductivity, suspended solids, alkalinity, potassium,
sodium, calcium, magnesium, chlorides, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen
demand (BOD5), dissolved oxygen, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and total heterotrophic bacteria) were analysed according to the Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.
When comparing the values of total coliforms, E. coli, total heterotrophic bacteria, COD, BOD5 and phosphates from the zone without anthropogenic influence (RP1) and the urban zones (RP2 and RP3) an important variation in the parameters was observed. These results indicate that the urban activity produces a serious
and negative effect on the water quality, thus constituting a sanitary risk and may have a major impact on the trophic status
of the Potrero de los Funes dam. As case study, we report on the use of General Quality Index (GQI) to evaluate spatial and
seasonal changes in the water quality of Potrero de los Funes River. Results revealed a significant degradation of the water
quality at RP2 and RP3. 相似文献
143.
144.
Boxman AW Peters RC Roelofs JG 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):1252-1259
In a Scots pine forest the throughfall deposition and the chemical composition of the soil solution was monitored since 1984. (Inter)national legislation measures led to a reduction of the deposition of nitrogen and sulphur. The deposition of sulphur has decreased by approximately 65%. The total mineral-nitrogen deposition has decreased by ca. 25%, which is mainly due to a reduction in ammonium-N deposition (−40%), since nitrate-N deposition has increased (+50%). The nitrogen concentration in the upper mineral soil solution at 10 cm depth has decreased, leading to an improved nutritional balance, which may result in improved tree vitality. In the drainage water at 90 cm depth the fluxes of NO3− and SO42− have decreased, resulting in a reduced leeching of accompanying base cations, thus preserving nutrients in the ecosystem. It may take still several years, however, before this will meet the prerequisite of a sustainable ecosystem. 相似文献
145.
Ohne Zusammenfassung
Original erschienen in UWSF – Z Umweltchem ?kotox 20(2):133–144 (2008) DOI:
Herausgeber: Martin Pehnt und Eckard Helmers 相似文献
146.
This study combined laboratory based microcosm systems as well as field experiments to evaluate the mobility of atrazine on a Ultisol under humid tropical conditions in Brazil. Results from sorption experiments fit to the Freundlich isotherm model [K(f) 0.99 mg kg(-1)/(mg l(-1))(1/n)], and indicate a low sorption capacity for atrazine in this soil and consequently large potential for movement by leaching and runoff. Microcosm systems using (14)C-atrazine to trace the fate of the applied herbicide, showed that 0.33% of the atrazine was volatilized, 0.25% mineralized and 6.89% was recorded in the leachate. After 60 d in the microcosms, 75% of the (14)C remained in the upper 5 cm soil layer indicating atrazine or its metabolites remained close to the soil surface. In field experiments, after 60 d, only 5% of the atrazine applied was recovered in the upper soil layers. In the field experiments atrazine was detected at a depth of 50 cm indicating leaching. Simulating tropical rain in field experiments resulted in 2.1% loss of atrazine in runoff of which 0.5% was adsorbed onto transported soil particles and 1.6% was in solution. Atrazine runoff was greatest two days after herbicide application and decreased 10 fold after 15 d. The use of atrazine on Ultisols, in the humid tropics, constitutes a threat to water quality, causing surface water and ground water pollution. 相似文献
147.
Oritani Marsh in the Hackensack Meadowlands of urbanized northeastern New Jersey USA was assessed in 2000 for vegetation,
soil/sediment chemistry, abundance/diversity of benthic invertebrates, and bird and mammal usage. Vegetatively, both marsh
and uplands are dominated by tall, dense Phragmites australis. Small patches (less than 2 hectares total) dominated by Spartina spp. were found at the lowest elevations. Soil/sediment cores were sliced into 5 intervals and analyzed for metals, pesticides
and volatile/semivolatile organic compounds. Thirteen locations had at least one chemical above Long et al.’s [Environmental Management, 19, 1995, 81--97] “Effects Range-Median” (ERM). Seven metals and nine organics exceeded ERM in at least one sample, with mercury
showing the most exceedances. The surface 15 cm interval was generally more contaminated with metals than the 15 to 30 cm
interval; the reverse was true for semivolatile organic compounds. Twenty taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates were collected,
with each location producing from 1 to 9 taxa. Abundance ranged from 11 to 3,889 individuals/m2. Number of taxa was moderately (r
2 between 0.40 and 0.70) negatively correlated with zinc, beryllium, nickel and arsenic concentrations; no other chemical’s
r
2 was above 0.25. Diversity was moderately negatively correlated with arsenic and beryllium. These correlations were unexpected:
zinc, beryllium, nickel and arsenic were not the chemicals found at the highest concentrations relative to benchmarks. Number
of taxa, abundance and diversity were moderately (negatively) correlated with elevation; organic carbon was moderately (positively)
correlated with abundance. All other correlations were weak (r
2 < 0.35). Live traps captured only one mammal species, the meadow jumping mouse. Bird observations revealed 39 species, dominated
by a few common species. 相似文献
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